Genetic characteristics of designer dogs

Genetic characteristics of designer dogs E.R.Islamova student, 4th course Bashkir State Agrarian University, the Veterinary Medicine Department, Russia, Ufa MalikaFly@gmail.com Cand.Biol.Sci., G.V. Bazekin, Scientific Adviser Cand.Phil.Sci., the senior lecturer, O.N. Novikova, Language Supervisor A new trend has begun in the dog world and many have referred to it as an emergence of designer dogs. In fact, designer dogs can be more expensive than purebreds due to the increased demand for them. In contrast to mixed breed the designer dog has a definite structure. The designer dog breeds, also known as hybrid dogs, are basically the product of a mating between two purebred dogs of different breeds. The first generation designer dog (know as an F1), is the direct result of mating

two purebred dogs of different breeds. The second generation (F2) results from the mating of two F1 dogs. Today, a designer dog is described as a cross between two purebred dogs, bred over many generations to breed true for looks, and exhibiting the ancestral temperament and characteristics.A standard is established that breeders must follow. Only dogs which make the written standard are to be bred. It is not advisable to select a dog based on appearance alone. An important consideration is that every purebred dog breed is troubled by at least one (and usually many more), genetic or hereditary illnesses or problems. This is due to the level of inbreeding that takes place in order to keep a breed 'pure'. Available researches show that designer dog breeds, and mixed breeds, are

less likely to suffer from genetic weaknesses and are generally healthier overall than their purebred cousins. First-generation hybrids tend to be fairly uniform in type, because each has one set of genes from one parental breed and one from the other, and each parental type has limited genetic variation. However, it's very important to pay attention to the specific purebreds that are producing a particular hybrid/designer dog. If both parent dog breeds share the same genetic weaknesses, there's at the potential for a double dose of problems in the resulting puppies. For example, if you cross breed two purebreds who each have a predisposition towards eye and eye-lid problems (such as Pugs, Boston Terriers or Pekingnese), the puppies are very likely to have problems in this area.

And they may be more serious than in the original breeds themselves. Admittedly one of the first designer dog breeds was the Labradoodle, which was originally bred in Australia in the 1970s. The creation of Labradoodle, as an example, also had the purpose of providing an allergy-friendly companion, especially to people with special needs. The Labrador Retrievers' superior performance as a service dog, and the Poodles' non-shedding, non-allergenic coat. This combination produced a great guide dog for people with allergies. It works quite well in theory, but due to the nature of genetics, it's not always a 'sure thing'. An F1 (first generation) Labradoodle or Goldendoodle can have a lab like coat that sheds, an F2 is more likely to have a hypoallergenic, low to non-shed coat. An

experienced breeder can probably give a good assessment as to what characteristics to expect as the puppy grows. For example, with the Labradoodle, a breeder might be able to tell which type coat the pup will have, meaning characteristic of the Poodle or the Labrador, but it cannot be guaranteed. It can shed or not shed. Dogs in the same litter can vary, and it is harder to tell what type of temperament the puppy will have since some characteristics are not evident until the puppy is past the usual adopting age. When considering a designer dog, it's also not safe to expect puppies from a certain breeding to get only the desirable physical/behavioral traits. They're just as likely to inherit the undesirable ones, and each individual puppy in the litter can be quite different from